Rays Arithmetic

1. Division is the progress of finding how many times one number is contained in another.

2. The divisor is the number by which divided; the dividend is the number to be divided; the quotient is the number denoting how many times the divisor is contained in the dividend. Thus, 3 is contained in 12, 4 times; here, 3 is the divisor, 12 the dividend, and 4 the quotient.

3. Since 3 is contained in 12 , 4 times 3 are 12; that is, the divisor and quotient multiplied produce the dividend.

4. Since 3 and 4 are factors of the product 12, the divisor and quotient correspond to the factors in multiplication ; the dividend, to the product. Therefor, Division is the process of finding one of the factors of a product, when the other factor is known.